زبان تخصصی کامپیوتر درس اول Computer Applications

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Unit 1

Topic:Different uses of computers

Learning Objective:To understand computer applications in everyday life

Abbreviations and Acronyms:ATM, CAD, PC, TV, VCR

Key Words:access, application, chip, data, database, design, display, document, emai(electronic mail), interact, microchip, personal computer, real-time, technology

Computer Applications

Unit 1

Computer Applications

Warm-up

Computers have many applications in a wide variety of fields. Look at these pictures of different situations. These are only a few computer applications in modern life. Can you think of any other applications ?

Reading Comprehension

Reading 1

Read the following texts which are related to the computer applications in the pictures

Computer Applications

1.Computers can help students perform mathematical operations and solve difficult problems rapidly. They can be used to access the Internet, teach courses such as CAD (computer-aided design), programming, language, mathematics, etc. PCs (personal computers) are also used for many other purposes: for example, schools use databases to keep records of students, teachers, and materials.

2.Race organizers and journalists rely on computers to provide them with the current positions of riders and teams. Workstations in the race buses provide the timing system and give up-to-the-minute timing information to TV stations. In the press room, several PCs give real-time information on the state of the race. Computer databases are also used in the drug-detecting tests for competitors.

3.Computers store information about the amount of money held by each client and enable staff to access large databases and to carry out financial transactions at high speed. They also control the ATMs (automatic teller machines) which, by the use of a personal coded card, give money to clients.

4.Airline pilots use computers to help them control the plane. For example, monitors display information about fuel consumption and weather conditions. In airport control towers, computers are used to manage radar systems and regulate air traffic. On the ground, airlines are connected to travel agencies by computer. Travel agents use computers to find about the availability of flights, prices, times, and many other details.

Reading 2

Three people are talking about how they use computers at work. Read the texts

Computer Users

1.I use computer to do the usual office things like write memos, letters, emails, and so on. But the thing which I find really useful is electronic mail. We are an international company, and we have offices all over the world. We are linked up to all of them by email. With email, I can communicate with the offices around the world very efficiently. It has really changed my life.

2.I use computers for almost every aspect of my job. I use them to design electrical installations and lighting systems. For example, the program will tell you how much lighting you need for a particular room or how much cable you need, and it will show where the cable should go. I also use the computer to make drawings and to keep records.

3.I use computers to find information for people. Readers come in with a lot of questions. To find what they want, I use either our own database or the national database that we are connected to. They might want to know the address of a particular university or the list of a writer’s books. We also use computers to record the books that readers borrow from the library.

Reading 3

Computers vs. Human Beings

Can you think of the differences between computers and human beings?

A computer can solve a series of problems and make hundreds, even thousands, of logical decisions without becoming tired or bored. It can carry out the solution to a problem in a fraction of the time it takes a human being to do the job. A computer can replace people in dull, routine tasks, but it has no creativity; it works according to the instructions given to it and cannot make any decisions by itself. There are times when a computer seems to operate like a mechanical “brain,” but its achievements are limited by the minds of human beings.

A computer cannot do anything unless a person tells it what to do and gives it the appropriate data. However, because electric pulses can move at the speed of light, a computer can carry out lots of mathematical operations in a very short time. A person can do everything a computer can do, but in many cases that person would probably be dead before the job was finished.

Reading 4

What can computers do?

Computers and microchips have become part of our everyday lives: we visit shops and offices which have been designed with the help of computers, we read magazines which have been produced on computer, and we pay bills prepared by computers, etc. Just picking up a telephone and dialing a number involves the use of a sophisticated computer system, as does making a flight reservation or borrowing a book from a library.

Everyday, we see many computers that come to life the moment they are switched on – e.g. calculators, the timer in the microwave oven, or the programmer inside the TV set or the VCR (video cassette recorder) – all of which use chip technology.

Each time you turn your computer on, it is capable of doing almost anything you ask. It is an electronic filing cabinet which manages large collections of data such as customers’ lists, accounts, and many other things. It is a magical typewriter that allows you to type and print any kind of document – letters, memos, and résumés. It is a personal communicator that enables you to interact with other computers and with people around the world. If you like electronic entertainment, you can even use your PC to play computer games.